Ammonia
Ammonia is a nitrogen-containing compound produced in the gut through the breakdown of proteins and amino acids by intestinal bacteria. In a healthy gut, most ammonia is either utilised by microbes or absorbed and detoxified by the liver. Elevated faecal ammonia levels may indicate excessive protein fermentation, gut dysbiosis, or an imbalance between beneficial and pathogenic bacteria. High levels can contribute to mucosal irritation, inflammation, and may compromise gut barrier function. Ammonia levels are a useful marker of microbial protein metabolism and intestinal health.
Description
It indicates the degree of protein breakdown and fermentation in the gut. Elevated levels often suggest a microbial imbalance or excessive protein consumption.
Potentially yes. Excess ammonia can irritate the gut lining, promote inflammation, and affect the gut-brain axis.
Possible causes include high-protein diets, low fibre intake, dysbiosis, or reduced conversion of ammonia by beneficial bacteria.
Low levels are generally regarded as favourable, indicating an efficient microbial balance and limited protein decomposition.
Strategies may include reducing excess protein, increasing fermentable fibre, and supporting a healthy microbiota with probiotics or prebiotics.
