Lactose intolerance is a digestive condition caused by reduced levels of lactase, the enzyme required to break down lactose — the sugar found in milk and dairy products. This deficiency can result in symptoms such as bloating, wind, and abdominal discomfort after consuming foods containing lactose.
Individuals who experience digestive discomfort after consuming dairy products may benefit from testing for lactose intolerance. Symptoms such as bloating, diarrhea, and gas following dairy intake are common indicators. Testing is especially helpful for those unsure if their symptoms are related to lactose or another digestive issue. People of certain ethnic backgrounds with higher prevalence of lactose intolerance might also consider testing.
Those with lactose intolerance should avoid or limit dairy products like milk, cheese, and ice cream. It’s also important to check food labels, as lactose can be found in less obvious products like bread, processed meats, and salad dressings. Lactose-free dairy or plant-based alternatives can be good substitutes.