LDL (Low-Density Lipoprotein) is a type of cholesterol often called “bad” cholesterol. It transports cholesterol particles through the bloodstream, and elevated levels can contribute to plaque buildup in the arteries. This accumulation, known as atherosclerosis, can narrow and harden the arteries, increasing the risk of heart disease and stroke.
People who would benefit from testing their LDL levels include adults, particularly those over 20 years old, as part of regular health screenings. Individuals with risk factors for heart disease, such as high blood pressure, smoking, diabetes, a family history of heart disease, or a personal history of cardiovascular issues, should pay particular attention to their LDL levels. Regular monitoring is also important for those who have previously had high cholesterol levels or are undergoing treatment for cholesterol management.
No direct symptoms indicate high LDL cholesterol levels. Like general high cholesterol, it is typically asymptomatic. Usually discovered through a routine blood test.
Improving LDL cholesterol levels primarily involves lifestyle changes. Adopting a diet low in saturated and trans fats, cholesterol, and added sugars can help. Increasing physical activity is also beneficial, as regular exercise can help lower LDL levels and improve overall heart health. Maintaining a healthy weight and quitting smoking are key factors. In some cases, if lifestyle changes are not enough, medications such as statins may be prescribed to help lower LDL cholesterol.