Hippuric acid is a metabolic compound formed in the liver through the conjugation of benzoic acid with glycine. It reflects both detoxification capacity and microbial activity in the gut. Elevated levels may indicate increased microbial fermentation, exposure to certain food additives, or an active detoxification response. Low concentrations can be observed with reduced liver conjugation capacity or low microbial production of precursors.
Elevated hippuric acid may indicate increased microbial fermentation, exposure to food additives (such as benzoates), or an active detoxification response. Low levels can occur due to reduced liver conjugation capacity or insufficient microbial production of precursors.
Testing hippuric acid can be valuable for individuals with signs of liver overload, chemical sensitivity, or digestive imbalance. It can also help evaluate detoxification efficiency and microbial activity in the gut.
Levels are affected by both gut microbial metabolism and liver conjugation processes. Diet, toxin exposure, microbial composition, and nutrient availability (particularly glycine) all play crucial roles in determining hippuric acid concentration.
Yes. Supporting liver detoxification with adequate hydration, antioxidant intake, and sufficient glycine and B vitamins can promote healthy conjugation. Maintaining gut microbial balance through fibre-rich foods and minimising exposure to artificial additives also supports optimal levels.