Glucose

Individuals who show symptoms of high blood sugar (hyperglycemia) such as frequent urination, increased thirst, fatigue, and blurred vision should undergo glucose testing. It is also recommended for individuals at risk of developing diabetes, such as those with a family history of diabetes, obesity, or a sedentary lifestyle, and for pregnant women to check for gestational diabetes.

Symptoms that might prompt glucose testing include increased thirst and hunger, frequent urination, unexplained weight loss, fatigue, blurred vision, and slow healing of wounds. These symptoms can indicate potential diabetes or changes in an existing diabetic condition.

Abnormal results in glucose tests can be due to diabetes, pancreatic diseases, certain medications, and hormonal disorders. High blood glucose levels can indicate diabetes or pre-diabetes, while low levels can suggest hypoglycemia, which could be due to excessive insulin production or insufficient glucose intake.

The body regulates glucose levels through hormones such as insulin and glucagon. Insulin lowers blood glucose by facilitating its uptake into cells, while glucagon raises glucose levels by promoting glucose release from liver stores, ensuring a balance necessary for optimal body function.